Meilisearch: 快如闪电的开源容错搜索引擎 — 2026 年部署与基准测试

docker run -d \
  --name meilisearch \
  --restart unless-stopped \
  -p 7700:7700 \
  -v $(pwd)/meili_data:/meili_data \
  -e MEILI_MASTER_KEY='your-secure-master-key-32-chars-long!!' \
  getmeili/meilisearch:v1.12 \
  meilisearch --env production

# 验证健康状态
curl -s http://localhost:7700/health | jq .
# 预期输出: { "status": "available" }

# 创建索引
curl -s -X POST 'http://localhost:7700/indexes' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -H 'Authorization: Bearer your-secure-master-key-32-chars-long!!' \
  -d '{ "uid": "products", "primaryKey": "id" }' | jq .

# 添加文档（自动 Schema 检测）
curl -s -X POST 'http://localhost:7700/indexes/products/documents' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -H 'Authorization: Bearer your-secure-master-key-32-chars-long!!' \
  -d '[
    {
      "id": 1,
      "name": "Wireless Noise Cancelling Headphones",
      "description": "Premium over-ear headphones with active noise cancellation",
      "price": 149.99,
      "category": "Electronics",
      "rating": 4.6,
      "in_stock": true,
      "location": { "lat": 40.7128, "lng": -74.0060 }
    },
    {
      "id": 2,
      "name": "Mechanical Gaming Keyboard",
      "description": "RGB backlit keyboard with hot-swappable switches",
      "price": 119.99,
      "category": "Electronics",
      "rating": 4.8,
      "in_stock": true,
      "location": { "lat": 37.7749, "lng": -122.4194 }
    },
    {
      "id": 3,
      "name": "Trail Running Shoes",
      "description": "Lightweight waterproof shoes for trail running",
      "price": 95.00,
      "category": "Sports",
      "rating": 4.3,
      "in_stock": false,
      "location": { "lat": 51.5074, "lng": -0.1278 }
    }
  ]' | jq .

# 更新索引设置
curl -s -X PATCH 'http://localhost:7700/indexes/products/settings' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -H 'Authorization: Bearer your-secure-master-key-32-chars-long!!' \
  -d '{
    "searchableAttributes": ["name", "description", "category"],
    "filterableAttributes": ["category", "price", "rating", "in_stock"],
    "sortableAttributes": ["price", "rating"],
    "rankingRules": [
      "words",
      "typo",
      "proximity",
      "attribute",
      "sort",
      "exactness"
    ]
  }' | jq .

# 容错搜索（"headphons" 而非 "headphones"）
curl -s -X POST 'http://localhost:7700/indexes/products/search' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -H 'Authorization: Bearer your-secure-master-key-32-chars-long!!' \
  -d '{
    "q": "headphons",
    "filter": "price >= 50 AND in_stock = true",
    "sort": ["rating:desc"],
    "facets": ["category"],
    "limit": 10
  }' | jq .

# 检查最新任务
curl -s 'http://localhost:7700/tasks?limit=1' \
  -H 'Authorization: Bearer your-secure-master-key-32-chars-long!!' | jq '.results[0] | {uid, status, type, duration}'
# 预期输出: { "uid": 1, "status": "succeeded", "type": "documentAdditionOrUpdate", "duration": "PT0.234S" }

npm install meilisearch

const { MeiliSearch } = require('meilisearch');

const client = new MeiliSearch({
  host: 'http://localhost:7700',
  apiKey: 'your-secure-master-key-32-chars-long!!'
});

const index = client.index('products');

// 带过滤和分面的搜索
async function search(query) {
  const results = await index.search(query, {
    filter: 'price >= 50 AND in_stock = true',
    sort: ['rating:desc'],
    facets: ['category'],
    limit: 10,
    attributesToHighlight: ['name', 'description']
  });

  console.log(`Found ${results.estimatedTotalHits} hits`);
  console.log('Facets:', results.facetDistribution);
  
  results.hits.forEach(hit => {
    console.log(`- ${hit.name} ($${hit.price}) [${hit._formatted.name}]`);
  });
}

search('headphons'); // 自动处理拼写错误

pip install meilisearch

import meilisearch
import os

client = meilisearch.Client(
    'http://localhost:7700',
    os.environ['MEILI_MASTER_KEY']
)

index = client.index('products')

# 带地理过滤的搜索
results = index.search(
    'running shoes',
    {
        'filter': 'price >= 50 AND price <= 200',
        'sort': ['rating:desc'],
        'facets': ['category', 'in_stock'],
        'limit': 20,
        'attributesToHighlight': ['name', 'description']
    }
)

print(f"Hits: {results['estimatedTotalHits']}")
print(f"Facets: {results.get('facetDistribution', {})}")
for hit in results['hits']:
    print(f"  {hit['name']} - ${hit['price']} (rating: {hit['rating']})")

npm install @meilisearch/instant-meilisearch react-instantsearch-dom

import React from 'react';
import { InstantSearch, SearchBox, Hits, RefinementList, Stats } from 'react-instantsearch-dom';
import { instantMeiliSearch } from '@meilisearch/instant-meilisearch';

const { searchClient } = instantMeiliSearch(
  'http://localhost:7700',
  'your-secure-master-key-32-chars-long!!',
  {
    finitePagination: true,
    primaryKey: 'id'
  }
);

function App() {
  return (
    <InstantSearch searchClient={searchClient} indexName="products">
      <SearchBox />
      <Stats />
      <div style={{ display: 'flex', gap: '20px' }}>
        <aside style={{ width: '200px' }}>
          <RefinementList attribute="category" />
          <RefinementList attribute="in_stock" />
        </aside>
        <main>
          <Hits hitComponent={ProductHit} />
        </main>
      </div>
    </InstantSearch>
  );
}

function ProductHit({ hit }) {
  return (
    <div style={{ padding: '10px', borderBottom: '1px solid #eee' }}>
      <h4 dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: hit._highlightResult.name.value }} />
      <p>${hit.price} — ★ {hit.rating} — {hit.in_stock ? '有货' : '缺货'}</p>
    </div>
  );
}

export default App;

composer require meilisearch/meilisearch-php

<?php
require_once __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';

use Meilisearch\Client;

$client = new Client('http://localhost:7700', 'your-secure-master-key-32-chars-long!!');
$index = $client->index('products');

// 容错搜索
$results = $index->search('keybord', [
    'filter' => 'in_stock = true',
    'sort' => ['price:asc'],
    'limit' => 10,
    'facets' => ['category']
]);

echo "Found: {$results->getEstimatedTotalHits()}\n";
foreach ($results->getHits() as $hit) {
    echo "- {$hit['name']} \${$hit['price']}\n";
}
?>

go get github.com/meilisearch/meilisearch-go

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "os"
    "github.com/meilisearch/meilisearch-go"
)

func main() {
    client := meilisearch.NewClient(
        meilisearch.ClientConfig{
            Host:   "http://localhost:7700",
            APIKey: os.Getenv("MEILI_MASTER_KEY"),
        },
    )

    resp, err := client.Index("products").Search("headphons", &meilisearch.SearchRequest{
        Filter: "price >= 50 AND in_stock = true",
        Sort:   []string{"rating:desc"},
        Facets: []string{"category"},
        Limit:  10,
    })
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    fmt.Printf("Estimated hits: %d\n", resp.EstimatedTotalHits)
    fmt.Printf("Facets: %v\n", resp.FacetDistribution)
    for _, hit := range resp.Hits {
        doc := hit.(map[string]interface{})
        fmt.Printf("- %s ($%.0f)\n", doc["name"], doc["price"])
    }
}

# 为语义搜索配置嵌入器
curl -s -X PATCH 'http://localhost:7700/indexes/products/settings' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -H 'Authorization: Bearer your-secure-master-key-32-chars-long!!' \
  -d '{
    "embedders": {
      "default": {
        "source": "ollama",
        "model": "nomic-embed-text",
        "dimensions": 768
      }
    }
  }'

# 混合搜索（文本 + 向量）
curl -s -X POST 'http://localhost:7700/indexes/products/search' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -H 'Authorization: Bearer your-secure-master-key-32-chars-long!!' \
  -d '{
    "q": "comfortable audio device for workouts",
    "hybrid": { "semanticRatio": 0.5 },
    "limit": 5
  }' | jq '.hits[] | {name, _rankingScore}'

# docker-compose.yml
version: '3.8'

services:
  meilisearch:
    image: getmeili/meilisearch:v1.12
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - "127.0.0.1:7700:7700"
    volumes:
      - meilisearch-data:/meili_data
    environment:
      MEILI_MASTER_KEY: ${MEILI_MASTER_KEY}
      MEILI_ENV: production
      MEILI_DB_PATH: /meili_data
      MEILI_HTTP_ADDR: 0.0.0.0:7700
      MEILI_DUMP_DIR: /meili_data/dumps
    deploy:
      resources:
        limits:
          memory: 3G
        reservations:
          memory: 512M

  # Caddy 反向代理 HTTPS
  caddy:
    image: caddy:2-alpine
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
    volumes:
      - ./Caddyfile:/etc/caddy/Caddyfile
      - caddy-data:/data

volumes:
  meilisearch-data:
  caddy-data:

const { MeiliSearch } = require('meilisearch');
const crypto = require('crypto');

const client = new MeiliSearch({
  host: 'http://localhost:7700',
  apiKey: 'master-key'
});

// 为用户-123 生成租户令牌，限定其文档范围
const token = client.generateTenantToken(
  'search-api-key-uid',
  {
    filter: 'user_id = 123',  // 用户只能看到自己的文档
    searchRules: { indexes: { products: { filterableAttributes: ['user_id'] } } }
  },
  {
    apiKey: 'master-key',
    expiresAt: new Date(Date.now() + 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000) // 24 小时过期
  }
);

console.log('Tenant token:', token);
// 此令牌只能搜索 user_id = 123 的文档

# 触发转储（快照）
curl -s -X POST 'http://localhost:7700/dumps' \
  -H 'Authorization: Bearer your-secure-master-key-32-chars-long!!' | jq .

# 响应: { "taskUid": 42, ... }
# 任务完成后从 /dumps/ 下载

# 自动备份，添加到 crontab:
# 0 2 * * * curl -s -X POST 'http://localhost:7700/dumps' -H 'Authorization: Bearer YOUR_KEY' > /dev/null

# 配置同义词
curl -s -X PUT 'http://localhost:7700/indexes/products/settings/synonyms' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -H 'Authorization: Bearer your-secure-master-key-32-chars-long!!' \
  -d '{
    "laptop": ["notebook", "portable computer"],
    "phone": ["smartphone", "mobile"],
    "tv": ["television", "screen"]
  }'

# 配置停用词
curl -s -X PUT 'http://localhost:7700/indexes/products/settings/stop-words' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -H 'Authorization: Bearer your-secure-master-key-32-chars-long!!' \
  -d '["the", "a", "an", "and", "or"]' | jq .

# 启用指标端点
curl -s -X PATCH 'http://localhost:7700/experimental-features' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -H 'Authorization: Bearer your-secure-master-key-32-chars-long!!' \
  -d '{ "metrics": true }' | jq .

# 抓取指标
curl -s http://localhost:7700/metrics
# meilisearch_search_requests_total{index="products"} 15420
# meilisearch_http_requests_duration_seconds_sum 2.45