ShellCheck：Shell 脚本 lint 工具 2026 版

brew install shellcheck

sudo apt-get install shellcheck

git clone https://github.com/koalaman/shellcheck.git
cd shellcheck
cargo build --release

shellcheck deploy.sh

# 机器可读
shellcheck --format=json deploy.sh

# GCC 样式
shellcheck --format=gcc deploy.sh

# 错误：缺少结束符
cat << EOF
echo "Hello"

# ShellCheck 警告 SC1016
# 修复：
cat << EOF
echo "Hello"
EOF

# 错误：不完整引号
if [ $var = "test" ]; then

# ShellCheck 警告 SC2050
# 修复：
if [ "$var" = "test" ]; then

# 错误：变量可能未定义
echo $VALUE

# ShellCheck 警告 SC2154
# 修复：
: "${VALUE:?VALUE 未定义}"
echo "$VALUE"

# 禁用特定警告
disable=SC1091,SC2034

# 警告等级
severity=warning

# 包含文件
include=./include.sh

- name: ShellCheck
  uses: ludeeus/action-shellcheck@master
  with:
    scandirs: "."
    exclude: "dist/**"

shellcheck:
  stage: test
  image: alpine:latest
  script:
    - apk add shellcheck
    - shellcheck **/*.sh

FROM alpine:latest
RUN apk add shellcheck

RUN shellcheck /app/script.sh

{
  "shellcheck.enabled": true,
  "shellcheck.executablePath": "/usr/bin/shellcheck",
  "shellcheck.excludePath": "**/node_modules/**"
}

" Plugin: vim-syntastic
let g:syntastic_shell_sh_checkers = ['shellcheck']

#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -euo pipefail  # 严格模式

# 定义变量
: "${API_KEY:?API_KEY 未设置}"

# 日志函数
log() {
    echo "[$(date +%Y-%m-%d\ %H:%M:%S)] $*"
}

# 错误处理
trap 'log "错误: 第 $LINENO 行"' ERR

# 主函数
main() {
    log "开始执行"
    
    # 业务逻辑
    echo "Hello, World!"
}

main "$@"

# .shellcheckrc
custom_severity=SC2034:W

# .shellcheck
sourceignore=/usr/lib/*